Hi,
I am trying to figure out how strong/weak a planet could be in a natal chart. Apart from the standard functional malefics, planets in its detriment or fall, the combustion and the 'under the beams', are there ways to find the level of affliction that the planet is suffering?
I briefly glanced at some of the other answers, and it would appear they have surrounded some form of dignity scoring, usually used to determine the almuten or winner of the chart over all. For an individual planet it's a bit more complicated. In order to evaluate a planet, it is necessary to evaluate the entire condition of that planet (note, this is a traditional methodolgy.)
Here are two examples. In my chart, the planet with the most essential dignity where it is posited (not the planet that has the most dignity over other chart points) is Mars, exalted in Capricorn. Mars is in one of the "stakes" of the chart (whole sign angles, in this case the 4th sign) and in aspect to almost every other planet in the chart. However, Mars is cadent, out of sect, and impeded by a trine from a retrograde, peregrine Saturn. Mars in my chart is "afflicted."
Jupiter on the other hand has absolutely no essential dignity where he is by sign, exaltation, term, or face, and is setting into the beams to boot. However, Jupiter is on the ASC, free from aspect by malefics, of the sect of the chart, a masculine planet in masculine sign and quadrant..Jupiter's afflictions are fewer than those of Mars.
There are different ways of evaluating the planets, and each gives a separate piece of the puzzle that is the chart. Essential dignity, accidental dignity, and then the actual condition of the planets based on the inherent qualities of the planets and their locations in and of themselves.