Perhaps we could also consider enlightened self-interest; which is where I part ways with Libertarians and some elements of the Republican party. They seem to be upset about so-called "income redistribution," which is often another way of saying they don't want to pay taxes to support children's public schools, general hospitals, unemployment insurance, and the like. (Although apparently they are OK with any redistributed income that benefits them.)
I think this is very short-sighted.
I benefitted from getting a good public school education. My parents paid taxes towards it, but these were hardly sufficient to support the municipality's school system. Basically other taxpayers in my area put me through public school, including the taxpayers with no children.
Today I don't mind some of my income being redistributed to put today's school children through my local schools. My children are adults, yet I know that my greater community benefits from an educated population. I benefitted once, so it is only fair that now I pay something back.
Public education systems are economic growth engines. The menial jobs available to people with no education pay poorly, are declining in availability, and they do not generate economic growth.
And this is but one example. If I don't pay taxes to support the local fire department, they won't be there for me if my house catches fire. If my taxes don't support the highway department, pretty soon the highways will be full of axel-breaking pot-holes. It isn't like Ayn Rand's army is going to pave the local streets.
So giving to my community via (gasp, shock) taxes is actually a form of enlightened self interest. Naturally I don't want my hard-earned tax dollars to be wasted or unnecessary-- but that is the level at which the debate should take place, not as an utter horror of "income redistribution."
From a sociological perspective, once even a tight-knit band of hunter-gathers reached a population of about 1000 people, they needed to subdivide, because without a system of central government, they couldn't function in terms of distributing hunting grounds, plant-gathering sites, and the like. With today's urbanized, complex, densely populated society, this isn't an option, so various levels of central government are the only solution we've developed to keep society functioning smoothly.
"Personal survival," Inline? None of us would stand a chance of surviving without normal social relationships based upon various forms of reciprocity. Think about it.