There is a belief (not validated scientifically) that women's menstrual cycles were calibrated to lunation cycles. Both the moon and the average menstrual cycle take about 28 days.
Despite weakness in the medical research data, the pro-moon argument goes that women's periods were much more synchronized to the moon in the past, prior to the advent of electrical lighting.
There are methods of timing one's fertility to lunar cycles, but I haven't studied them and can't say how accurate they are.
And surely there are other factors. Historically girls' first periods used to occur a few years later than they do today: around the age of 13-14. Now it's closer to 10 in western societies, with some girls as young as 8. This is probably due to better nutrition, but I also suspect artificially introduced hormones in cows milk and in the environment.
In medical astrology there is a traditional overlap between signs and houses, with Scorpio and the 8th house controlling reproductive and eliminative organs.