What we call "outer reality" is in fact nothing more than our inner self projected onto the external canvas. In effect, our mind creates our world.
All of life and its experiences occur wholly in the mind and nowhere else. Our world is subjective...it is our inner experience of the train running over us that is "real".
So, yes. The chart shows "our experience", because it is only our subjective experience that is our reality. But the persons represented will conform closely to the symbolism of the chart. They are real people (or events) in the normal sense of the word real. The answer to the question might be, "Yes, And...."
In horary astrology very specific descriptions of individuals are possible, much more than in natal astrology because it is the function of horary astrology to deal with the specific instance. In horary art, we might say with confidence that "The thief is of a ruddy or swarthy complexion, of medium stature, is in the company of an older and sickly man, and will be found in such and such a direction at this distance."
The "placements in charts" you mention are "secondhand", or "at one remove". Your chart is about you, but information regarding third parties is available in the chart. Our chart does not influence those around us (except as our behaviors, determined by our charts, influence them. Our chart does not "make them" a certain way...but it does tell us what they will be like.
What we read in a chart is dependent on what we are looking for as well as our personal inclinations. A single planet, or a combination of planets in some aspect, can give us all sorts of information. Suppose we have a quincunx of Moon to Uranus. This combination has to do with the emotional state or nature, with the mother, with the parental and subsequent families, with travel, with relationships with women (and the "feminine") in general, with roots and all sorts of things. Most of these things will manifest at their due time in some "physical" way.
I have this aspect in my own chart. My mother was a bohemian, a free spirit, eccentric.... So the aspect describes "my experience" of my mother, but it also describes my mother as she actually lived her life. Yes, And....