Basically harmonics and aspects are different ways of showing the same thing. Think about dividing 360 degrees by 4, 5, 7, 30, or what have you. The 4th harmonic (360/4) is basically the square aspect. 360/5 is the quintile. 360/7 is the septile, and so on.
Harmonic charts, to me, are an easy way to locate the so-called minor aspects that Astrodienst doesn't show in its aspectarians (and if you don't have software that will draw the lines for you. (Astrodienst does show quintiles in the aspectarians, but not with aspect lines on the chart.) A close conjunction in the natal (radix chart) will be a conjunction in any harmonic chart, so you sort of have to back it out from consideration. It will be a powerful influence, just not a septile, novile, &c.
So look at the natal chart first, and remember which are the conjunctions in it, if any.
Where you see other conjunctions in a harmonic chart, such as Saturn and Venus 51 degrees apart in the natal chart, it will show up as a conjunction in the 7H chart, because 51, 102, and 154 degrees form the septile set of aspects. Noviles (360/9) are formed by separations of 40, 80, 120, and 160 degrees. (Note that because 120 degrees is the trine aspect, we would call it a trine, not a tri-novile.)
Important! Use very tight orbs in working with minor aspects!
If you run a harmonic chart and don't notice the aspect (conjunction) popping up, chances are it is not a major motivator in the person's life. Maybe some other harmonic/aspect is.
We can skip over your 2H (oppositions), 3H (trines), 4H (squares) charts, because these are easy to read off the natal chart.
There is some disagreement over the meaning of the "minor aspects" or higher harmonics, so I recommend reading a few books. David Hamblin has two out on harmonics. Some of the minor aspects are covered in Bil Tierney,
Dynamics of Aspect Analysis. Higher harmonics are covered in Harding and Harvey,
Working With Astrology. A good website is
www.aliceportman.com .
There is some concensus around:
quintile: talent plus the will to manifest it
septile: an ability to see a reality beyond the apparent material reality. Creativity plus spirituality. Inspiration
octile: (semi-square, sesqui-square): part of the 2-series indicating tension and stress; but consequently some impetus to manifest
novile: delight (as it is part of the 3-series); perhaps also indicating initiation
decile: 2x5. We should see both the talent component (5-series) combined with some tension and stress (2-series)
11H, 13H. These apparently are iconoclastic and indicate operating in rebellion against social norms.
For higher harmonics, simply combine the meanings of their prime numbers. For example, a 20H chart (vigintile aspect) is essentially 4x5, the square and the quintile. A person with a strong 20H chart might show a lot of tension surrounding the manifestation and expression (square) of his talents (quintile.)
I couldn't possibly do a cookbook on all of the possible planet, sign, and house combinations with minor aspects. So one kind of has to think through what these indicate, based on your knowledge of their core meanings.