As usual, if you want to talk about a chart please post it along with your questions.
Astrologers work from the chart.
A Tenth House Sun is not without power. You have Air in your chart. With only one planet in Air and none in Fire, you have a very powerful preponderance of Feminine signs.
With No Fire, there is a negative preponderance of Fire.
You tend to insert yourself at the core of any given situation in order to gain control. The nature is actually rather timid, which may be hidden behind a cocksure mask.
You are called upon to develop a proper sense of self-responsibiity.
You attitude toward intimates and relationships is ambivalent, uncertain, insecure.
Signs are what count for assessing preponderance (of Elements and Qualities).
Houses and signs are not the same.
Assess preponderance by house separately.
A proper evaluation can be done only with "chart in hand". Post it.
In general, it doesn't matter too much if you only have one planet in an Element or Quality; the Element or Quality is present in your makeup. What is of particular interest is whether there is a strong imbalance...either many or none.
Here is what I use in assessing Preponderance (preponderance is very important):
Elements -- 4 or more in one Element (with no other Element of equal weight).
Qualities -- 5 or more in one Quality.
Houses by Cross (Angular, Suceedent, Cadent), 5 or more.
Houses by Triad -- 4 or more
Retrogradation -- 5 or more (I often consider 4 as sufficient). Also notice whether all the planets (Sun & Moon excluded) in any one mundane hemisphere are retrograde, as this provides special significance (East, West, Above the horizon, Below the horizon).
Aspect -- When one aspect type is represented by half-again as many instances as any other aspect.
My own chart contains 5 planets in Air, with 4 in Earth (one Fire, No Water). You could say that Earth along with Air is preponderant. But it is Air which carries much more weight: for one thing, Air contains both Lights -- apart from the simple numbers. There is a grand trine in Air, and an exceptionally powerful T-square in Fixed signs with the focal point in Earth. A T-square brings "a crisis" to a focus, is highly dynamic...so Earth is also prominent and powerful along with Air. But Earth is where we find the "crisis".
In this same chart there is a preponderance of suceedent houses and also of moksha houses (the 4th House triad). We can see through this example that by keeping signs and houses separate we can attain a higher delineative refinement.
There are also, in my chart, other preponderances (by retrogradation and by aspect type) that further condition the native.
We can, by examining preponderance in a chart, quite often compile a dossier on the native before ever examining any particular planet, aspect formation or other more-or-less specific factor in the chart. Preponderance, like chart pattern (and some other factors) is dominant in the chart (and in the person it represents) and the individual planets and their mode of operation are subservient to these fundamental determinants.
When a chart contains many preponderances (as my chart does) the native and his/her life is highly conditioned. In the frequent cases where no preponderance is present, the native is relatively "unconditioned" and the level of "freedom" is high.
Here is the dictionary definition of "condition":
con·di·tion [kuhn-dish-uhn]
noun
1. a particular mode of being of a person or thing; existing state; situation with respect to circumstances.
2. state of health: He was reported to be in critical condition.
3. fit or requisite state: to be out of condition; to be in no condition to run.
4. social position: in a lowly condition.
5. a restricting, limiting, or modifying circumstance: It can happen only under certain conditions.
In definition 1, the "situation with respect to circumstances" is most clearly shown when there is preponderance by house. Houses deal with "surrounding and immediate circumstances". I used "conditioned" and "unconditioned" above with definition 5 in mind. Where a preponderance occurs, the native is given a special gift (definition 1), but that gift brings with it restrictions and limitations.
[Absence]