1. Creation of the luminaries and the stars on the fourth day - Genesis 1:14-19
Then God said, “Let there be luminaries in the firmament of the heavens to separate the day from the night, and let them be for signs and for seasons and for days and years; and let them be for luminaries in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth”; and it was so. God made the two great luminaries, the greater luminary to govern the day, and the lesser luminary to govern the night; He made the stars also. God placed them in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth, and to govern the day and the night, and to separate the light from the darkness; and God saw that it was good. There was evening and there was morning, a fourth day.
Note 1 - the sun and the moon are separated from the stars
Note 2 - the so-called wandering stars are not separated from the stars
Note 3 - the sun rules the day while the moon and the stars rule the night - Psalm 136:9
Note 4 - the luminaries and the stars were created between the morning and the evening
Note 5 - the luminaries and the stars were created as if they were marking the fourth day
Note 6 - the luminaries and the stars are for signs, for seasons, for days and for years
Note 7 - the light of the sun obscuring the light of two or more stars indicates day
Note 8 - the appearance of two or more stars indicates night
Note 9 - the glory of the sun is greater than the glory of the moon
Note 10 - the glory of one star is different from the glory of another - 1 Corinthians 15:41
2. Years - Genesis 7:6 and Genesis 8:13
Now Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of water came upon the earth.
Now it came about in the six hundred and first year, in the first month, on the first of the month, the water was dried up from the earth.
Note 1 - six hundred and one year old and six hundred and first year are identical
Note 2 - years of lives and reigns are to be counted from the beginning of the year, which is always the first day of the next first month, otherwise are written months and days
3. Months - Exodus 12:2 and Exodus 34:22
This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year to you.
You shall celebrate the Feast of Weeks, that is, the first fruits of the wheat harvest, and the Feast of Ingathering at the turn of the year.
Note 1 - the appointed times of the Lord are aligned with the agriculture of the land
Note 2 - the first morning after known conjunction begins the month - 1 Samuel 20:5
Note 3 - the first month begins after the vernal equinox to ensure firstfruits of harvest
Note 4 - the feast of ingathering occurs after the turn of the year or autumnal equinox
Note 5 - Noah and Moses could not know the months by barley, but only by astronomy
4. Days - Isaiah 2:3
And many peoples will come and say,
“Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord,
To the house of the God of Jacob;
That He may teach us concerning His ways
And that we may walk in His paths.”
For the law will go forth from Zion
And the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.
Note 1 - the days of the week are to be numbered from the meridian of Jerusalem
Note 2 - the days of the month are to be numbered from the meridian of Jerusalem
Note 3 - a year contains 12 or 13 months, while a month contains 29 or 30 days
Note 4 - the days of week and the days of the month do not always coincide
Note 5 - the first day of the week contains two nights - Genesis 1:1-5
Note 6 - the seventh day of the week is not said to contain a night
Note 7 - only two great sabbaths are said to begin from night and they span two days of their months - Leviticus 23:5, Leviticus 23:32
5. Hours - John 11:9
Jesus answered, “Are there not twelve hours in the day? If anyone walks in the day, he does not stumble, because he sees the light of this world.
Note 1 - the hours once mentioned here are local, seasonal hours, not equinoctial hours
Note 2 - the day really begins before sunrise in the morning and ends after sunset in the evening, which is slightly longer than the twelve hours in the day, because it includes the day of the morning after the disappearance of the one of the last two stars and the day of the evening until the appearance of two or more stars
Note 3 - above the arctic circles one can number the hours of the last left subarctic place
6. Creation of the earth and the firmament - Genesis 1:1 and Genesis 1:6
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
Then God said, "Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it separate the waters from the waters."
Note 1 - the earth was created immovable before the luminaries and stars - Psalm 104:5
Note 2 - the sun and the moon were created to orbit around the fixed earth - Psalm 19:6
Note 3 - the firmament is a substance-filled space for luminaries, stars and the winged
Note 4 - the stars orbit the sun and do homage to the one who does homage to earth
Note 5 - the luminaries can influence harvests - Deuteronomy 33:14
7. Chronology
Creation began on the 1st day of the week, on the 1st day of the 1st month in the year of creation or J 28/4/3890 BCE
Adam begat Seth in the year 130 - Genesis 5:3
Seth begat Enosh in the year 235 - Genesis 5:6
Enosh begat Kenan in the year 325 - Genesis 5:9
Kenan begat Mahalalel in the year 395 - Genesis 5:12
Mahalalel begat Jared in the year 460 - Genesis 5:15
Jared begat Enoch in the year 622 - Genesis 5:18
Enoch begat Methuselah in the year 687 - Genesis 5:21
Methuselah begat Lamech in the year 874 - Genesis 5:25
Lamech begat Noah in the year 1056 - Genesis 5:28
Noah begat Shem in the year 1558 - Genesis 11:10
The Flood was in the year 1656 - Genesis 7:6
Shem begat Arpachshad in the year 1658 - Genesis 11:10
Arpachshad begat Shelah in the year 1693 - Genesis 11:12
Shelah begat Eber in the year 1723 - Genesis 11:14
Eber begat Peleg in the year 1757 - Genesis 11:16
Peleg begat Reu in the year 1787 - Genesis 11:18
Reu begat Serug in the year 1819 - Genesis 11:20
Serug begat Nahor in the year 1849 - Genesis 11:22
Nahor begat Terah in the year 1878 - Genesis 11:24
Terah begat Abraham in the year 2008 - Genesis 11:32, Genesis 12:4
Abraham begat Isaac in the year 2108 - Genesis 21:5
Isaac begat Jacob in the year 2168 - Genesis 25:26
Israel entered Egypt in the year 2298 - Genesis 47:9
The Exodus was in the year 2513 - Genesis 12:10, Exodus 12:40
David became king in the year 2949 - 1 Kings 2:11
Solomon became king in the year 2989 - 1 Kings 11:42
The construction of the First Temple began in the year 2993 - 1 Kings 6:1
Rehoboam became king of Judah in the year 3029 - 1 Kings 11:42
Jeroboam became king of Israel in the year 3029 - 1 Kings 11:42
Abijam became king of Judah in the year 3047 - 1 Kings 15:1
Asa became king of Judah in the year 3049 - 1 Kings 15:9
Nadab became king of Israel in the year 3051 - 1 Kings 15:25
Baasha became king of Israel in the year 3052 - 1 Kings 15:33
Elah became king of Israel in the year 3075 - 1 Kings 16:8
Zimri became king of Israel in the year 3076 - 1 Kings 16:15
Omri became king of Israel in the year 3080 - 1 Kings 16:23
Ahab became king of Israel in the year 3087 - 1 Kings 16:29
Jehoshaphat became king of Judah in the year 3091 - 1 Kings 22:41
Ahaziah became king of Israel in the year 3108 - 1 Kings 22:51
Jehoram became king of Israel in the year 3109 - 2 Kings 3:1
Jehoram became king of Judah in the year 3114 - 2 Kings 8:16
Ahaziah became king of Judah in the year 3120 - 2 Kings 9:29
Athaliah became queen of Judah in the year 3121 - 2 Kings 8:26
Jehu became king of Israel in the year 3121 - 2 Kings 3:1
Joash became king of Judah in the year 3128 - 2 Kings 12:1
Jehoahaz became king of Israel in the year 3151 - 2 Kings 13:1
Joash became king of Israel in the year 3165 - 2 Kings 13:10
Amaziah became king of Judah in the year 3167 - 2 Kings 14:1
Jeroboam became king of Israel in the year 3182 - 2 Kings 14:23
Uzziah became king of Judah in the year 3209 - 2 Kings 15:1
Zachariah became king of Israel in the year 3247 - 2 Kings 15:8
Shallum became king of Israel in the year 3248 - 2 Kings 15:13
Menahem became king of Israel in the year 3248 - 2 Kings 15:17
Pekahiah became king of Israel in the year 3259 - 2 Kings 15:23
Pekah became king of Israel in the year 3261 - 2 Kings 15:27
Jotham became king of Judah in the year 3263 - 2 Kings 15:32
Ahaz became king of Judah in the year 3278 - 2 Kings 16:1
Hoshea became king of Israel in the year 3290 - 2 Kings 17:1
Hezekiah became king of Judah in the year 3293 - 2 Kings 18:1
Samaria was captured in the year 3299 - 2 Kings 17:6
Manasseh became king of Judah in the year 3322 - 2 Kings 18:2
Amon became king of Judah in the year 3377 - 2 Kings 21:1
Josiah became king of Judah in the year 3379 - 2 Kings 21:19
Jehoahaz became king of Judah in the year 3410 - 2 Kings 22:1
Jehoiakim became king of Judah in the year 3410 - 2 Kings 23:31
Jehoiachin became king of Judah in the year 3421 - 2 Kings 23:36
Zedekiah became king of Judah in the year 3421 - 2 Kings 24:8
Jerusalem was captured in the year 3432 - 2 Kings 24:18
The construction of the Second Temple began in the year 3485 - Jeremiah 25:12
Messiah was cut off on the 4th day of the week, on the 14th day of the 1st month in the year 3919, in the 18th year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar and 40 years before Jerusalem was captured or J 5/4/30 - Daniel 9:26, Jonah 3:4, Luke 3:1
Scripture taken from the NEW AMERICAN STANDARD BIBLE®, Copyright © 1960,1962,1963,1968,1971,1972,1973,1975,1977,1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission.
Then God said, “Let there be luminaries in the firmament of the heavens to separate the day from the night, and let them be for signs and for seasons and for days and years; and let them be for luminaries in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth”; and it was so. God made the two great luminaries, the greater luminary to govern the day, and the lesser luminary to govern the night; He made the stars also. God placed them in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth, and to govern the day and the night, and to separate the light from the darkness; and God saw that it was good. There was evening and there was morning, a fourth day.
Note 1 - the sun and the moon are separated from the stars
Note 2 - the so-called wandering stars are not separated from the stars
Note 3 - the sun rules the day while the moon and the stars rule the night - Psalm 136:9
Note 4 - the luminaries and the stars were created between the morning and the evening
Note 5 - the luminaries and the stars were created as if they were marking the fourth day
Note 6 - the luminaries and the stars are for signs, for seasons, for days and for years
Note 7 - the light of the sun obscuring the light of two or more stars indicates day
Note 8 - the appearance of two or more stars indicates night
Note 9 - the glory of the sun is greater than the glory of the moon
Note 10 - the glory of one star is different from the glory of another - 1 Corinthians 15:41
2. Years - Genesis 7:6 and Genesis 8:13
Now Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of water came upon the earth.
Now it came about in the six hundred and first year, in the first month, on the first of the month, the water was dried up from the earth.
Note 1 - six hundred and one year old and six hundred and first year are identical
Note 2 - years of lives and reigns are to be counted from the beginning of the year, which is always the first day of the next first month, otherwise are written months and days
3. Months - Exodus 12:2 and Exodus 34:22
This month shall be the beginning of months for you; it is to be the first month of the year to you.
You shall celebrate the Feast of Weeks, that is, the first fruits of the wheat harvest, and the Feast of Ingathering at the turn of the year.
Note 1 - the appointed times of the Lord are aligned with the agriculture of the land
Note 2 - the first morning after known conjunction begins the month - 1 Samuel 20:5
Note 3 - the first month begins after the vernal equinox to ensure firstfruits of harvest
Note 4 - the feast of ingathering occurs after the turn of the year or autumnal equinox
Note 5 - Noah and Moses could not know the months by barley, but only by astronomy
4. Days - Isaiah 2:3
And many peoples will come and say,
“Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord,
To the house of the God of Jacob;
That He may teach us concerning His ways
And that we may walk in His paths.”
For the law will go forth from Zion
And the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.
Note 1 - the days of the week are to be numbered from the meridian of Jerusalem
Note 2 - the days of the month are to be numbered from the meridian of Jerusalem
Note 3 - a year contains 12 or 13 months, while a month contains 29 or 30 days
Note 4 - the days of week and the days of the month do not always coincide
Note 5 - the first day of the week contains two nights - Genesis 1:1-5
Note 6 - the seventh day of the week is not said to contain a night
Note 7 - only two great sabbaths are said to begin from night and they span two days of their months - Leviticus 23:5, Leviticus 23:32
5. Hours - John 11:9
Jesus answered, “Are there not twelve hours in the day? If anyone walks in the day, he does not stumble, because he sees the light of this world.
Note 1 - the hours once mentioned here are local, seasonal hours, not equinoctial hours
Note 2 - the day really begins before sunrise in the morning and ends after sunset in the evening, which is slightly longer than the twelve hours in the day, because it includes the day of the morning after the disappearance of the one of the last two stars and the day of the evening until the appearance of two or more stars
Note 3 - above the arctic circles one can number the hours of the last left subarctic place
6. Creation of the earth and the firmament - Genesis 1:1 and Genesis 1:6
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
Then God said, "Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it separate the waters from the waters."
Note 1 - the earth was created immovable before the luminaries and stars - Psalm 104:5
Note 2 - the sun and the moon were created to orbit around the fixed earth - Psalm 19:6
Note 3 - the firmament is a substance-filled space for luminaries, stars and the winged
Note 4 - the stars orbit the sun and do homage to the one who does homage to earth
Note 5 - the luminaries can influence harvests - Deuteronomy 33:14
7. Chronology
Creation began on the 1st day of the week, on the 1st day of the 1st month in the year of creation or J 28/4/3890 BCE
Adam begat Seth in the year 130 - Genesis 5:3
Seth begat Enosh in the year 235 - Genesis 5:6
Enosh begat Kenan in the year 325 - Genesis 5:9
Kenan begat Mahalalel in the year 395 - Genesis 5:12
Mahalalel begat Jared in the year 460 - Genesis 5:15
Jared begat Enoch in the year 622 - Genesis 5:18
Enoch begat Methuselah in the year 687 - Genesis 5:21
Methuselah begat Lamech in the year 874 - Genesis 5:25
Lamech begat Noah in the year 1056 - Genesis 5:28
Noah begat Shem in the year 1558 - Genesis 11:10
The Flood was in the year 1656 - Genesis 7:6
Shem begat Arpachshad in the year 1658 - Genesis 11:10
Arpachshad begat Shelah in the year 1693 - Genesis 11:12
Shelah begat Eber in the year 1723 - Genesis 11:14
Eber begat Peleg in the year 1757 - Genesis 11:16
Peleg begat Reu in the year 1787 - Genesis 11:18
Reu begat Serug in the year 1819 - Genesis 11:20
Serug begat Nahor in the year 1849 - Genesis 11:22
Nahor begat Terah in the year 1878 - Genesis 11:24
Terah begat Abraham in the year 2008 - Genesis 11:32, Genesis 12:4
Abraham begat Isaac in the year 2108 - Genesis 21:5
Isaac begat Jacob in the year 2168 - Genesis 25:26
Israel entered Egypt in the year 2298 - Genesis 47:9
The Exodus was in the year 2513 - Genesis 12:10, Exodus 12:40
David became king in the year 2949 - 1 Kings 2:11
Solomon became king in the year 2989 - 1 Kings 11:42
The construction of the First Temple began in the year 2993 - 1 Kings 6:1
Rehoboam became king of Judah in the year 3029 - 1 Kings 11:42
Jeroboam became king of Israel in the year 3029 - 1 Kings 11:42
Abijam became king of Judah in the year 3047 - 1 Kings 15:1
Asa became king of Judah in the year 3049 - 1 Kings 15:9
Nadab became king of Israel in the year 3051 - 1 Kings 15:25
Baasha became king of Israel in the year 3052 - 1 Kings 15:33
Elah became king of Israel in the year 3075 - 1 Kings 16:8
Zimri became king of Israel in the year 3076 - 1 Kings 16:15
Omri became king of Israel in the year 3080 - 1 Kings 16:23
Ahab became king of Israel in the year 3087 - 1 Kings 16:29
Jehoshaphat became king of Judah in the year 3091 - 1 Kings 22:41
Ahaziah became king of Israel in the year 3108 - 1 Kings 22:51
Jehoram became king of Israel in the year 3109 - 2 Kings 3:1
Jehoram became king of Judah in the year 3114 - 2 Kings 8:16
Ahaziah became king of Judah in the year 3120 - 2 Kings 9:29
Athaliah became queen of Judah in the year 3121 - 2 Kings 8:26
Jehu became king of Israel in the year 3121 - 2 Kings 3:1
Joash became king of Judah in the year 3128 - 2 Kings 12:1
Jehoahaz became king of Israel in the year 3151 - 2 Kings 13:1
Joash became king of Israel in the year 3165 - 2 Kings 13:10
Amaziah became king of Judah in the year 3167 - 2 Kings 14:1
Jeroboam became king of Israel in the year 3182 - 2 Kings 14:23
Uzziah became king of Judah in the year 3209 - 2 Kings 15:1
Zachariah became king of Israel in the year 3247 - 2 Kings 15:8
Shallum became king of Israel in the year 3248 - 2 Kings 15:13
Menahem became king of Israel in the year 3248 - 2 Kings 15:17
Pekahiah became king of Israel in the year 3259 - 2 Kings 15:23
Pekah became king of Israel in the year 3261 - 2 Kings 15:27
Jotham became king of Judah in the year 3263 - 2 Kings 15:32
Ahaz became king of Judah in the year 3278 - 2 Kings 16:1
Hoshea became king of Israel in the year 3290 - 2 Kings 17:1
Hezekiah became king of Judah in the year 3293 - 2 Kings 18:1
Samaria was captured in the year 3299 - 2 Kings 17:6
Manasseh became king of Judah in the year 3322 - 2 Kings 18:2
Amon became king of Judah in the year 3377 - 2 Kings 21:1
Josiah became king of Judah in the year 3379 - 2 Kings 21:19
Jehoahaz became king of Judah in the year 3410 - 2 Kings 22:1
Jehoiakim became king of Judah in the year 3410 - 2 Kings 23:31
Jehoiachin became king of Judah in the year 3421 - 2 Kings 23:36
Zedekiah became king of Judah in the year 3421 - 2 Kings 24:8
Jerusalem was captured in the year 3432 - 2 Kings 24:18
The construction of the Second Temple began in the year 3485 - Jeremiah 25:12
Messiah was cut off on the 4th day of the week, on the 14th day of the 1st month in the year 3919, in the 18th year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar and 40 years before Jerusalem was captured or J 5/4/30 - Daniel 9:26, Jonah 3:4, Luke 3:1
Scripture taken from the NEW AMERICAN STANDARD BIBLE®, Copyright © 1960,1962,1963,1968,1971,1972,1973,1975,1977,1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Used by permission.
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